Fibromyalgia
Description
Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive issues (often called "fibro fog"). The exact cause is unknown, but it is believed to involve abnormal pain processing in the brain, genetic predisposition, and environmental triggers such as infections or physical trauma. Common symptoms include constant pain in muscles and joints, stiffness, headaches, sensitivity to touch, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and mood disturbances like anxiety or depression. Unlike arthritis, fibromyalgia does not cause inflammation or damage to tissues. Diagnosis is based on symptom history and physical examination, as there are no specific laboratory tests. Treatment focuses on pain management, lifestyle changes, physical therapy, medications (such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, or pain relievers), and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Regular exercise and stress reduction techniques also help improve symptoms.