Alzheimer's Disease
Description
Alzheimer's Disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. It is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for approximately 60-80% of dementia cases. The disease is characterized by the formation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain, which disrupt communication between neurons and ultimately lead to neuron death. Early symptoms of Alzheimer's include memory loss and confusion, which gradually worsen over time, impacting daily activities and quality of life. As Alzheimer's progresses, individuals may experience significant cognitive decline, including difficulties with language, problem-solving, and decision-making. Behavioral changes, such as mood swings, agitation, and depression, are also common. In the later stages, individuals may lose the ability to perform basic functions like eating, dressing, and bathing, and they may require full-time care. The exact cause of Alzheimer's is not fully understood, but genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors are believed to play a role. There is currently no cure for Alzheimer's Disease, but treatments are available to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Medications such as cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine can help with memory and cognitive functions. Non-pharmacological approaches, including cognitive stimulation, physical exercise, and social engagement, are also important in managing the disease. Research efforts continue to focus on understanding the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's and developing new therapies to slow or halt its progression.