Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP)
Description
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare genetic disorder that causes extreme sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) light, leading to a high risk of skin cancer. It occurs due to mutations in DNA repair genes, which prevent the body from fixing UV-induced damage. Symptoms include: Severe sunburns after minimal sun exposure, Freckling, dry skin, and premature skin aging, high risk of skin cancer at an early age, and Neurological issues (hearing loss, movement problems, and intellectual disabilities in some cases). Doctors diagnose XP through genetic testing and skin biopsies. There is no cure, but strict sun protection (sunscreens, protective clothing, UV-blocking windows) and frequent skin check-ups help manage the condition.