AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)
Description
AIDS is a disease caused by the HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) that attacks the immune system, making the body more susceptible to infections and diseases. HIV targets and destroys CD4 cells (T cells), which are crucial in defending against infections. As HIV progresses, the immune system weakens and the person becomes more vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain cancers. In the final stage of HIV infection, known as AIDS, the immune system is severely compromised. Without treatment, AIDS can lead to life-threatening infections and cancers. The most common modes of HIV transmission are through unprotected sexual contact, sharing needles, and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. While there is no cure for HIV/AIDS, antiretroviral therapy (ART) can manage the virus, allowing individuals to live longer, healthier lives.